IJIRCSTJournal International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science and Technology I S Volume 13 Issue 2 Information Technology English March - April 2025 N N Y 2025 03 31 Computer Sciences Adjoint-Based Optimization for Enhanced Aerodynamic Performance Using Multi-Parameterization Techniques English Y 42 53 Sheharyar Nasir English Y Shumail Sahibzada English N Farrukh Sher Malik English N https://doi.org/10.55524/ijircst.2025.13.2.7 Airfoil shape optimization is imperative for enhancing the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft. In the shape optimization process, geometry parameterization holds a pivotal role; directly influencing its robustness and efficiency. In this study, Adjoint-based shape optimization of the airfoil RAE-2822 was performed at transonic Mach while employing two parameterization methods – Hicks-Henne and FFD. The prime objective is to compare the efficiency of parameterization techniques and form comparison metrics based on their five fundamental characteristics - Parsimony, Intuitiveness, Orthogonality, Completeness, and Flawlessness. The optimization framework is composed of an open-source CFD solver, a discrete adjoint solver for gradient evaluation, and a gradient-based optimizer (SLSQP) for optimization. While using both techniques, the process resulted in a total drag reduction of around sixty-seven percent and an increase in aerodynamic efficiency by nearly three times. However, in the comparison metrics, it was seen that FFD outperforms Hicks-Henne exhibiting better properties in terms of parsimony and intuitiveness. English Adjoint, Optimization, Aerodynamic Performance, Multi-Parameterization Techniques https://ijircst.org/abstract.php?article_id=1355