Adjoint-Based Optimization for Enhanced Aerodynamic Performance Using Multi-Parameterization Techniques

Sheharyar Nasir; Shumail Sahibzada; Farrukh Sher Malik

doi:10.55524/ijircst.2025.13.2.7

Abstract

Airfoil shape optimization is imperative for enhancing the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft. In the shape optimization process, geometry parameterization holds a pivotal role; directly influencing its robustness and efficiency. In this study, Adjoint-based shape optimization of the airfoil RAE-2822 was performed at transonic Mach while employing two parameterization methods – Hicks-Henne and FFD. The prime objective is to compare the efficiency of parameterization techniques and form comparison metrics based on their five fundamental characteristics - Parsimony, Intuitiveness, Orthogonality, Completeness, and Flawlessness. The optimization framework is composed of an open-source CFD solver, a discrete adjoint solver for gradient evaluation, and a gradient-based optimizer (SLSQP) for optimization. While using both techniques, the process resulted in a total drag reduction of around sixty-seven percent and an increase in aerodynamic efficiency by nearly three times. However, in the comparison metrics, it was seen that FFD outperforms Hicks-Henne exhibiting better properties in terms of parsimony and intuitiveness.

Keywords

Adjoint, Optimization, Aerodynamic Performance, Multi-Parameterization Techniques

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Cites this article as

S. Nasir, S. Sahibzada, F. S. Malik, "Adjoint-Based Optimization for Enhanced Aerodynamic Performance Using Multi-Parameterization Techniques", International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management (ijircst), Vol-13, Issue-2, Page No-42-53, 2025. Available from: https:/doi.org/10.55524/ijircst.2025.13.2.7

Corresponding Author

Sheharyar Nasir

Doctoral Student, Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA

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