IoT Sensor Networks- Orchestrating Connectivity, Efficiency, and Intelligence Across Diverse Domains

Muhammad Ashfaq; Siti Nur

doi:10.55524/ijircst.2024.12.3.26

Abstract

The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the proliferation of sensor networks, enabling a new era of connectivity, data collection, and automation across various domains. IoT-based sensor networks comprise interconnected sensors and actuators that collect, transmit, and process data to provide valuable insights and enable intelligent decision-making. This paper explores the architecture, applications, and challenges of IoT-based sensor networks. The architecture section delves into the components, layers, and communication protocols that constitute these networks, highlighting the roles and interactions of sensors, microcontrollers, gateways, and cloud services. The applications section showcases the diverse use cases of IoT-based sensor networks in smart cities, industrial automation, healthcare, agriculture, and environmental monitoring, illustrating their transformative impact. The challenges section identifies the key issues such as scalability, interoperability, security, reliability, energy efficiency, and data management that need to be addressed to realize the full potential of IoT networks. Finally, the paper discusses future directions, emphasizing the potential of edge computing, 5G, artificial intelligence, and blockchain technology to advance IoT-based sensor networks and unlock new opportunities. Through continued research, innovation, and collaboration, IoT sensor networks are poised to drive significant advancements in technology and society, creating a more connected and intelligent world.

Keywords

Internet of things, Sensor, Intelligence, Wireless Communication

References

[1] S. Ghorpade, M. Zennaro, and B. Chaudhari, "Survey of localization for internet of things nodes: Approaches, challenges and open issues," Future Internet, vol. 13, no. 8, p. 210, 2021.

[2] T. Ahmad, X. J. Li, and B. C. Seet, "Parametric loop division for self in wireless sensor networks," Sensors, vol. 17, no. 7, p. 1697, 2017.

[3] F. Khelifi, A. Bradai, A. Benslimane, P. Rawat, and M. Atri, "A survey of localization systems in internet of things," Mobile Networks and Applications, vol. 24, pp. 761-785, 2019.

[4] T. Ahmad, X. J. Li, B. C. Seet, and J. C. Cano, "Social network analysis based localization technique with clustered closeness centrality for 3D wireless sensor networks," Electronics, vol. 9, no. 5, p. 738, 2020.

[5] Z. Sahinoglu, S. Gezici, and I. Guvenc, Ultra-wideband positioning systems, Cambridge, New York, 2008.

[6] F. Khelifi, A. Bradai, A. Benslimane, P. Rawat, and M. Atri, "A survey of localization systems in internet of things," Mobile Networks and Applications, vol. 24, pp. 761-785, 2019.

[7] M. A. Saleem, Z. Shijie, M. U. Sarwar, T. Ahmad, A. Maqbool, C. S. Shivachi, and M. Tariq, "Deep learning-based dynamic stable cluster head selection in VANET," Journal of Advanced Transportation, vol. 2021, pp. 1-21, 2021.

[8] [T. Margiani, S. Cortesi, M. Keller, C. Vogt, T. Polonelli, and M. Magno, "Angle of arrival and centimeter distance estimation on a smart UWB sensor node," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2023.

[9] V. Miramá, A. Bahillo, V. Quintero, and L. E. Díez, "NLOS detection generated by body shadowing in a 6.5 GHz UWB localization system using machine learning," IEEE Sensors Journal, 2023.

[10] G. Cheng, "Accurate TOA-based UWB localization system in coal mine based on WSN," Physics Procedia, vol. 24, pp. 534-540, 2012.

[11] T. Ahmad, X. J. Li, and B.-C. Seet, "A self-calibrated centroid localization algorithm for indoor ZigBee WSNs," in 2016 8th IEEE International Conference on Communication Software and Networks (ICCSN), 2016, pp. 455-461.

[12] M. Tuchler, V. Schwarz, and A. Huber, "Location accuracy of an UWB localization system in a multi-path environment," in 2005 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, 2005, pp. 414-419, doi: 10.1109/ICU.2005.1570023.

[13] T. Ahmad, X. J. Li, and B.-C. Seet, "3D localization using social network analysis for wireless sensor networks," in 2018 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Communication and Information Systems (ICCIS), 2018, pp. 88-92.

[14] P. Tomé, C. Robert, R. Merz, C. Botteron, A. Blatter, and P.-A. Farine, "UWB-based local positioning system: From a small-scale experimental platform to a large-scale deployable system," in 2010 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation, 2010, pp. 1-10, doi: 10.1109/IPIN.2010.5647454.

[15] T. Ahmad, X. J. Li, and B.-C. Seet, "3D localization based on parametric loop division and subdivision surfaces for wireless sensor networks," in 2016 25th Wireless and Optical Communication Conference (WOCC), 2016, pp. 1-6.

[16] N. C. Rowe, A. E. Fathy, M. J. Kuhn and M. R. Mahfouz, "A UWB transmit-only based scheme for multi-tag support in a millimeter accuracy localization system," 2013 IEEE Topical Conference on Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks (WiSNet), 2013, pp. 7-9, doi: 10.1109/WiSNet.2013.6488616.

[17] T. Ahmad, X. J. Li, and B. C. Seet, "Noise reduction scheme for parametric loop division 3D wireless localization algorithm based on extended kalman filtering," Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 24, 2019.

[18] R. Ye, "Ultra-wideband Indoor Localization Systems," Ph.D. dissertation, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA, 2012.

[19] Q. Zeng, Y. Jin, H. Yu, and X. You, "A UAV Localization System Based on Double UWB Tags and IMU for Landing Platform," IEEE Sensors Journal, 2023.

[20] A. Nadeem, M. Naveed, M. Islam Satti, H. Afzal, T. Ahmad, and K. I. Kim, "Depression detection based on hybrid deep learning SSCL framework using self-attention mechanism: An application to social networking data," Sensors, vol. 22, no. 24, pp. 9775, 2022.

[21] J. Zhou, Z. Cao, X. Dong, and A. V. Vasilakos, "Security and privacy for cloud-based IoT: Challenges," IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 26-33, 2017.

[22] X. Chen, N. Su, Y. Huang, and J. Guan, "False-alarm-controllable radar detection for marine target based on multi features fusion via CNNs," IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 9099-9111, 2021.

[23] T. Ahmad, X. J. Li, and B. C. Seet, "Fuzzy-logic based localization for mobile sensor networks," in 2019 2nd International Conference on Communication, Computing and Digital Systems (C-CODE), 2019, pp. 43-47.

[24] C. Falsi, D. Dardari, L. Mucchi, and M. Z. Win, "Time of arrival estimation for UWB localizers in realistic environments," EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, vol. 2006, pp. 1-13, 2006.

[25] J. Yang and S. Lee, "Ultrawideband coupled relative positioning algorithm applicable to flight controller for multidrone collaboration," ETRI Journal, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 758-767, 2023.

[26] T. Ahmad, X. J. Li, J. Wenchao, and A. Ghaffar, "Frugal Sensing: A Novel approach of Mobile Sensor Network Localization based on Fuzzy-Logic," in Proceedings of the ACM MobiArch 2020 The 15th Workshop on Mobility in the Evolving Internet Architecture, Sep. 2020, pp. 8-15.

[27] A. Alagha, S. Singh, R. Mizouni, J. Bentahar, and H. Otrok, "Target localization using multi-agent deep reinforcement learning with proximal policy optimization," Future Generation Computer Systems, vol. 136, pp. 342-357, 2022.

[28] M. Piavanini, L. Barbieri, M. Brambilla, M. Cerutti, S. Ercoli, A. Agili, and M. Nicoli, "A self-calibrating localization solution for sport applications with UWB technology," Sensors, vol. 22, no. 23, pp. 9363, 2022.

[29] T. Ahmad, X. J. Li, A. K. Cherukuri, and K.-I. Kim, "Hierarchical localization algorithm for sustainable ocean health in large-scale underwater wireless sensor networks," Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems, vol. 39, pp. 100902, 2023.

[30] Q. Jing, A. V. Vasilakos, J. Wan, J. Lu, and D. Qiu, "Security of the Internet of Things: perspectives and challenges," Wireless Networks, vol. 20, pp. 2481-2501, 2014.

[31] M. I. U. Haq, R. A. Khalil, M. Almutiry, A. Sawalmeh, T. Ahmad, and N. Saeed, "Robust graph?based localization for industrial Internet of things in the presence of flipping ambiguities," CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1140-1149, 2023.

[32] S. R. Mugunthan, "Security and privacy preserving of sensor data localization based on internet of things," Journal of ISMAC, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 81-92, 2019.

[33] N. Alhalafi and P. Veeraraghavan, "Privacy and Security Challenges and Solutions in IOT: A review," in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 322, no. 1, p. 012013, IOP Publishing, 2019.

[34] T. Ahmad, I. Khan, A. Irshad, S. Ahmad, A. T. Soliman, A. A. Gardezi, M. Shafiq, and J.-G. Choi, "Spark spectrum allocation for D2D communication in cellular networks," Computers, Materials & Continua, vol. 70, no. 3, pp. 6381-6394, 2022.

[35] V. Adat and B. B. Gupta, "Security in Internet of Things: issues, challenges, taxonomy, and architecture," Telecommunication Systems, vol. 67, pp. 423-441, 2018.

[36] D.R.K. Mary, E. Ko, S.G. Kim, S.H. Yum, S.Y. Shin, and S.H. Park, "A systematic review on recent trends, challenges, privacy and security issues of underwater internet of things," Sensors, vol. 21, no. 24, pp. 8262, 2021.

[37] T. Ahmad, M. Usman, M. Murtaza, I. B. Benitez, A. Anwar, V. Vassiliou, et al., "A Novel Self-Calibrated UWB Based Indoor Localization Systems for Context-Aware Applications," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 2024.

[38] V. Hassija, V. Chamola, V. Saxena, D. Jain, P. Goyal, and B. Sikdar, "A survey on IoT security: application areas, security threats, and solution architectures," IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 82721-82743, 2019.

[39] M. A. Hasan, T. Ahmad, A. Anwar, S. Siddiq, A. Malik, W. Nazar, and I. Razzaq, "A Novel Multi-Cell Interference-Aware Cooperative QoS-Based NOMA Group D2D System," Future Internet, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 118, 2023.

[40] P. Figueiredo e Silva, V. Kaseva, and E. S. Lohan, "Wireless positioning in IoT: A look at current and future trends," Sensors, vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 2470, 2018.

Cites this article as

M. Ashfaq, S. Nur, "IoT Sensor Networks- Orchestrating Connectivity, Efficiency, and Intelligence Across Diverse Domains", International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science and Technology (IJIRCST), Vol-12, no.3, pp.154-161, 2024. Available from: https://doi.org/10.55524/ijircst.2024.12.3.26

Corresponding Author

Muhammad Ashfaq

Department of Electronics Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Taxila, Pakistan

Download Full Paper

Download PDF

No. of Downloads: 10 | No. of Views: 188

Advancing Medical Diagnostics with Deep Learning and Data Preprocessing

Ruilin Xu, Yun Zi, Lu Dai, Haoran Yu, Mengran Zhu.

May 2024 - Vol 12, Issue 3
Securing the Skies- A Critical Analysis of Cloud Infrastructure Vulnerabilities

Vaishnavi Chaudhari, Poonam Dhake, Snehal Salunkhe, Mahendra Suryavanshi.

May 2024 - Vol 12, Issue 3
Advancing Localization Accuracy- Fusion of Multiple Positioning Technologies for Robust and Adaptive Solutions

Siti Nur.

May 2024 - Vol 12, Issue 3

IJIRCST

IoT Sensor Networks- Orchestrating Connectivity, Efficiency, and Intelligence Across Diverse Domains

Citations

Download Full Paper PDF

Total View 188

Total Download 10