Around the globe, wireless sensor nodes are utilized in a variety of real-time applications. Significant research in the field of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has been done in the last decade due to an increase in demand in various applications all over the world. WSNs are a new field of research that is being investigated to provide solutions to existing issues such as energy consumption, sensor location, routing algorithms, robustness, efficiency, and many more. Various scholars have grappled with a variety of network design and computational complexity issues during the last decade. Because of its uses in a number of areas, including as healthcare, espionage, environmental monitoring, industrial monitoring, forest fire detection, and natural disaster prevention, WSNs are gaining popularity throughout the world. This article discusses the use of WSN infrastructure and its applicability in many sectors to solve current problems.